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Marijuana
use among adolescents: trends, patterns, and influences.
Thompson KM.
Department of Sociology, North Dakota State University, USA.
This article reviews current marijuana conditions, trends, and influences
among adolescents. Data show that prevalence rates vary markedly among youth,
showing higher usage rates in the United States and Western Europe and lower
rates among Mediterranean and Scandinavian youth. Urianalysis studies show
that American juvenile arrestees are testing positive for cannabis at increasing
rates. Influences that are central to marijuana use include being older, being
male, experiencing family conflict, having peer models for use, and suffering
from mood and anxiety disorders. More information is needed on how much gene-based
evolutionary traits are relevant to marijuana abuse. Criticisms of school-based
drug education programs have lead to the emergence of more comprehensive and
enduring prevention programs. Concern about rising levels of marijuana abuse,
lack of accountability, and dual diagnoses have given rise to juvenile drug
courts. Preliminary reports suggest that these two strategies could show promise
in reducing marijuana use and abuse, although rising THC yields could counteract
these efforts.
